Indian Railways is introducing significant public-private partnerships (PPPs) for Indian Railways by introducing a 50-year concession period and assuming complete responsibility for land acquisition. This will accelerate private investment and the development of critical infrastructure projects valued at approximately ₹35,800 crore, or US $4 billion. 

Reforms will fix long-standing hurdles, particularly land acquisition delays, which have historically plagued infrastructure development. Land acquisition has been a persistent bottleneck for Indian infrastructure projects, including railways, accounting for nearly 35% of unresolved issues in major projects reviewed by PRAGATI.